On 23 July 2025 the International Court of Justice handed down its landmark advisory opinion on the obligation of states in respect of climate change.
GCILS members were both involved in the proceedings, and cited by its judges.
Dr Matina Papadaki’s work on the relationship between procedure and substance was cited by Judge Dire Tladi in his Declaration, the second time that she has been cited by one of the Court’s judges.

Professor Christian Tams, also of 11KBW Chambers, represented Zambia in the proceedings, spoke before the Court on Thursday 12 December 2024.

Dr Joseph Crampin, lecturer in international law, was part of the legal team for Latvia led by International Law Commissioner Professor Martins Paparinskis.
